Task 1 - Technologies
68State of the art and ongoing developments for systems and components
The developments in the field of industrial HTHPs are rapid and have an interdisciplinary character. Especially the compressor developments are not only based on conventional refrigeration compressors but also on components from process industries and on new technologies, which were beyond the scope of the previous Projects. Task 1 focused on the heat pump specific technologies and aimed at giving an overview of current state-of-the-art, as well as technologies at lower technology readiness levels, which are expected to enter the market within the coming years.
More specifically, Task 1 covered:
- Overview of technologies including systems and components
- Collection of demonstration cases
- Ongoing research, development & demonstration projects
- Technology development perspectives
The latest analysis of the collected data on supplier technologies and demonstrations cases are available here:
When using the data and figures presented on this page or the report above, please state the following information:
Zühlsdorf, B., Andersen, M. P., Tammone, C. et.al. (2025). Industrial High-Temperature Heat Pumps. Task 1 – Technologies. Yearly Report 2025. IEA Heat Pump Centre. https://doi.org/10.23697/9b7b-sz34
Technology review about supplier technologies and demonstration cases
As part of Task 1, we collected information about heat pump systems and ongoing demonstration cases. The review of heat pump systems includes both commercially available systems, as well as systems under development. The demonstration cases are based on systems in operation and focusing on the applications and end-user experiences.
Preliminary results of the technology review are shown in the tables below, including the descriptions for supplier technologies and demonstration cases. An analysis of the provided data is presented in the report.
The technology overview remains open for new submissions and this page is updated regularly. You are welcome to contribute with a description of a relevant technology or demonstration case by filling in the technology supplier template or the demonstration case template. Please send the completed templates to Carlotta Tammone (cata@dti.dk) and Martin Stage Pihl Andersen (mapa@dti.dk) with CC to Benjamin Zühlsdorf (bez@dti.dk).
Suppliers technologies
| Supplier | Model/serie | Compressor type | Working fluida | Capacity [MW] | Tmax,supply [°C] | TRL | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤120°C | COMBITHERM | HWW 2/9583I | Screw | R1233zd | 0.3-3.3 | 120 | 9 | From Annex 58 |
| Fuji Electric | Steam Generation HP | Reciprocating | R245fa | 0.03-0.3 | 120 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| KOBELCO | SGH120 | Screw | R245fa | 0.37-1.85 | 120 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| Mayekawa | Eco Sirocco | Reciprocating | R744 | 0.1-0.1 | 120 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| HECK Kältetechnik | Piston, screw | HFOs, HFCs | 0.025-1.5 | 120 | 7 | |||
| Mayekawa Europe | HS-compressor | Piston | R600 | 0.75-0.75 | 120 | 7 | From Annex 58 | |
| Taeyang Electric | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R245fa | 0.3-0.35 | 120 | 7 | |||
| AF Energy | Reciprocating, screw | R1234ze(E), R1233zd | 0.02-0.02 | 120 | 6 | |||
| Emerson | Cascade HTHP | Reciprocating + Reciprocating | R245fa, R410a | 0.03-0.03 | 120 | 6 | From Annex 58 | |
| Fenagy | CO2 heat pump | Piston | R744 | 0.3-1.8 | 120 | 5-6 | From Annex 58 | |
| Dutek | HT heat pump | Reciprocating, screw | R600a | 0.025-1.2 | 110 | 9 | ||
| Johnson Controls – Sabroe | HyePAC | Piston | R717/R718 | 0.5-2.1 | 110 | 9 | ||
| Mayekawa | Eco Circuit 100 | Reciprocating | R1234ze(E) | 0.1-0.1 | 100 | 8-9 | From Annex 58 | |
| TTI | Turbocompressor | R718, air | – | |||||
| ≤140°C | Dutek | XT heat pump | Screw | R600 | 0.5-3 | 130 | 9 | |
| GEA | CO2 heat pump | Reciprocating | R744 | 0.1-6 | 130 | 9 | ||
| MHI | ETW-S | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R134a | 0.627-0.627 | 130 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| Ochsner | IWWDS 430 R4b | Screw | R1233zd | 0.5-0.5 | 130 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| Johnson Controls – Sabroe | HitemHP | Reciprocating | R600, R600a | 0.3-1 | 125 | 9 | ||
| THERMODRAFT | Screw with vapor injection | HFOs, HFCs | 0.1-1.5 | 125 | 7 | |||
| RANK | Screw | HFOs | 0.5– | 125 | 6-9 | |||
| ≤160°C | AGO Energie & Anlagen | Caldora | Piston, screw | R717/R718 | 1-10 | 160 | 8-9 | |
| Siemens Energy | Turbocompressor | R1233zd(E), R1234ze(E) | 8-70 | 160 | 5-9 | From Annex 58 | ||
| Everllence | Transcritical CO2 | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R744 | 10-50 | 150 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| Pars Makina | Rotary double-hinged arc vane compressor | R1233zd(E) | 0.025-0.125 | 150 | 6 | |||
| Mayekawa Europe | FC-compressor | Screw | R601 | 1-1 | 145 | 5 | From Annex 58 | |
| ≤200°C | Heaten | HeatBooster | Piston | Hydrocarbons, HFOs | 0.8-50 | 200 | 9 | |
| Olvondo | Reversed Stirling | Piston | R704 | 2.3-2.3 | 200 | 9 | ||
| ecop Technologies | Rotation Heat Pump | Turbo (centrifugal) | Ecop fluid 1 | 0.7-0.7 | 200 | 7-8 | ||
| Futraheat | Greensteam 330 | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R1233zd | 0.3-1.5 | 200 | 6 | From Annex 58 | |
| Standard Fasel | Screw, piston, turbo | R718, R717 | 1-10 | 200 | 6-9 | |||
| WSE-Turbo | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R718 | 0.5-5 | 195 | 4-7 | |||
| Aneo Industry | Piston, screw (R717); screw, turbo (R718) | R717, R718 | 1-5 | 190 | 8-9 | |||
| AtmosZero | Boiler 2.0 | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R1234ze(E), R515B, R1233zd(E) | –1 | 185 | 8 | ||
| SPH Sustainable Process Heat | ThermBooster | Piston | Hydrocarbons, HFOs | 0.3-2.5 | 180 | 8-9 | ||
| Upheat | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R601, R601a | 1-4 | 180 | 3 | |||
| TLT-Turbo | Turbo (centrifugal) | R718, process vapours | n/a-5 | 180 | n/a | |||
| KOBELCO | MSRC160L | Screw | R718 | 0.8-0.8 | 175 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| KOBELCO | SGH165 | Screw + Screw | R245fa/R134a, R718 | 0.624-0.624 | 175 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| GEA | Ammonia steam generator | Piston, screw (R717); screw, turbo (R718) | R717, R718 | 1.2-10 | 175 | 8-9 | ||
| Solid Energy | Screw | Hydrocarbons | 0.2- | 165 | 9 | |||
| SRM | STC300 | Screw | R718 | 1-4 | 165 | 6 | ||
| >200°C | Everllence | High Temp VCC | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R290, R717, R600, R134a, R1233zd | 10-100 | 300 | 6-9 | From Annex 58 |
| Karman Industries | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R718, ethanol, mixed vapours | 1-20 | 300 | 6 | |||
| SynchroStor | Air drying heat pump | Piston | R744, R728, argon | 0.5-1.5 | 275 | 4-6 | ||
| Spilling | Steam Compressor | Piston | R718 | 1-15 | 250 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| Turboden | Large Heat Pump | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R600a, R245fa, R1233zd, R718 | 5-40 | 250 | 9 | From Annex 58 | |
| Enerin | HoegTemp UHT | Piston | R704 | 0.3-10 | 250 | 8 | From Annex 58 | |
| Lübbers Anlagen- und Umwelttechnik | Turbocompressor, piston | R718 | 1.5-50 | 250 | 8-9 | |||
| Airthium | Piston | R704, R728 | 0.1-5 | 250 | 4 | |||
| Piller | Blowers, Compressors | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R718, vapors | >1-n/a | 230 | 8-9 | From Annex 58 | |
| Heatlift | Turbocompressor (centrifugal) | R1233zd(E), R718, R600, cyclopentane | 2– | 230 | 7-8 | |||
| Tocircle Industries | MVR-1200 | Rotary positive displacement | R718 | 0.4-2.5 | 230 | 7 | ||
| Tocircle Industries | MVR-400 | Rotary positive displacement | R718 | 0.4-2.5 | 230 | 7 | ||
| Skyven | Screw, turbo (centrifugal) | R718 | –73 | 215 | 7-8 | |||
| EPCON | R718, process fluids | 0.2-100 | 210 | 9 | ||||
| Qpinch | – | R718, H3PO4 and derivatives | 2-n/a | 210 | 9 |
Last updated: 20 January 2026
a) Multiple refrigerants separated by a comma refer to the possibility of using different working fluids; multiple refrigerants separated by a slash refer to the use of a mixture as working fluid.
Demonstration cases
| Supplier | Industry | Source in → outb [°C] |
Sink in → outb [°C] |
Working fluid | Compressor | Capacity [MW] | COP | Source type | Sink type | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mayekawa Europe | Food and beverage, feed (Shrimp processing) | 12 → 7 | 140 → 145 | R717, R601 | Screw + Screw | 0.8 | 1.8 | Ammonia | Steam (4 bar) | |
| Everllence | District heating | 29 → 3 | → 200 | Natural | Centrifugal | 40 | >2 | Water | Steam (15 bar) | |
| Aneo Industry | Food and beverage, feed (Protein /fish oil production) | 80 / 98 → 35 / 98 | → 148 | R717, R718 | Piston, centrifugal | 4.4 | 3.5–6.5 | Water / steam (saturated) | Steam (4.5 bar) | |
| GEA | Food and beverage, feed (Dairy, spray drying) | 5 → 3 | 35 → 130 | R744 | Piston | 0.85 | 2.5 | Water | Water | |
| SPH Sustainable Process Heat | Materials (Tobacco drying) | 50 → 36 | 90 → 139 | R515B, R1233zd | Reciprocating | 0.65 | 2.5 | Water | Steam (3.5 bar) | |
| Turboden | District heating | 70 → 60 | 60 → 120 | R1233zd(E) | Centrifugal | 6 | 5–8 | Water | Water | |
| RANK | District heating | 25 → 15 | 60 → 90 / 105 / 130 | R1234ze(E), R1233zd(E) | Screw | 1 | 2.78 | Water | Water | |
| AGO Energie & Anlagen | District heating | 23 → | 120 → | R717, R718 | Piston | 1.8 | 2.6 | Water | Water | |
| AGO Energie & Anlagen | Food and beverage, feed (Brewing) | 90 → | 120 → | R717, R718 | Piston | 1.23 | 6.1 | Water | Water | |
| Heaten | Food and beverage, feed (Sugar production) | 102 → 100 | 128 → 130 | R1233zd(E) | Piston | 4 | 6 | Steam (saturated) | Steam (saturated) | |
| Olvondo | Food and beverage, feed (Dairy) | 85 / 31 → 75 / 26 | 105 → 155 | R704 | Piston | 5.4 | 2 | Water / water | Steam (5 bar) | |
| AtmosZero | Food and beverage, feed | -20 → 40 | → 165 | R513a/R1233zd(E) | Centrifugal | 0.65 | 1.3–2.04 | Air | Steam (7 bar) | |
| ThermoDraft | Marine | 75-85 → 65-75 | 90-100 → 110-120 | R1233zd(E) | Screw | 0.12 | 3.4–5.6 | Water | Water | |
| SPH Sustainable Process Heat | Materials (Metal treatment) | 92 → 84 | 90 → 159 | R1336mzz(Z) | Piston | 1 | 2.5 | Water | Steam (6 bar) | |
| Turboden | Pulp and paper | 17 → 8 | 104 → 170 | R600a | Centrifugal | 12 | 2 | Water | Steam (superheated) | |
| Aneo Industry | Food and beverage, feed (Thermal pelleting) | 60 → 30 | 4 → 75 / 140 | R717, R718 | Screw, piston, centrifugal | 1.68 | 3.1 | Humid air | Water / steam (2 bar) | |
| Celeroton | Chemicals and refinery (Methanol distillation) | 75 → | → 157 | Methanol/water mixture | Turbo | – | – | Methanol/water mixture | Methanol/water mixture | |
| Psycotherm, Heaten | Materials; pulp and paper (Roof tiles production) | 85 / 60 → 70 / 50 | 230 / 125 → 300 / 225 | Air, R600a, R718 | Piston, turbo | 1 | 1.5/2.1 | Air / humid air | Air / steam (5 bar) | |
| HTT | Food and beverage, feed; pulp and paper; materials | 90 / 150 → 70 / 130 | → 265 / 200 | Air | Turbo | 0.6 | 1.5–1.8 | Water | Oil / water | |
| TTI | Food and beverage, feed (Frying) | 95 → | 150 → 170 | R718 | Turbo | 1 | 3 | Process gas | Oil | |
| SPH / Spilling | Pharmaceuticals | 70 → | → 184 | R600, R718 | Piston | 1.7 | 4.4 | Water | Steam (11 bar) | |
| GEA | District heating | 50 → 40 | 70 → 80 | R717 | Piston | 5.2 | 5–6 | Water | Water | |
| BS NOVA | Pulp and paper (Steam generation) | 90 → 80 | → 162 | LiBr-H2O | Absorption | 0.34 | 0.48 | Water | Steam (6.5 bar) | |
| Cannon Bono | Pulp and paper (Steam generation) | 90 → 80 | 105 → 162 | R1233zd(E) | Screw | 0.6 | 5.2 | Water | Steam (6.5 bar) | |
| SPH Sustainable Process Heat | Steam generation (Steam generation) | 46 → 41 | 90 → 123 | R515B, R1233zd | Screw, piston | 1.2 | 2.3 | Water | Steam | |
| GEA | Food and beverage, feed (Sugar refining) | 75 → 75 | 110 → 140 | R601 | Screw | 4 | 3–5 | Steam | Steam | |
| AMT Kältetechnik | Food and beverage, feed (Drying) | 76 → 72 | 96 → 138 | R1336mzz(Z) | Screw | 0.374 | 3.2 | Water | Water | |
| AMT Kältetechnik | Materials (Brick drying) | 88 → 84 | 96 → 121 | R1336mzz(Z) | Piston | 0.296 | 5 | Water | Water | |
| Olvondo | Pharmaceutical | 36 → 34 | 105 → 183 | R704 | Piston | 2.3 | 1.7 | Water | Steam (10 bar) | |
| Ochsner Energie Technik | Materials (Leather production) | 55 → 50 | 100 → 110 | R1233zd | Screw | 0.338 | 3.2 | Water | Water | From Annex 58 |
| Qpinch | Chemicals (Ethylene polymerization) | 135 → 80 | 140 → 185 | R718/H3PO4 | 2.9 | 0.45 | Steam, water | Steam (saturated) | From Annex 58 | |
| Oilon/Astatine | Food and beverage, feed (Whiskey distillation) | 60 → | → 115 | High temp refrigerant | Piston | 1 | 5 | Water | Water | From Annex 58 |
| Skala Fabrikk | Food and beverage, feed (Dairy) | 5 / 20 → 0 / 12 | 95 → 115 | R290, R600 | Piston | 0.3 | 2.5–3.4 | Ice water / water+glycole | Water | From Annex 58 |
| Spilling | Chemicals | 152 → | → 240 | R718 | Piston | 12 | 5.3–5.8 | Steam (5 bar) | Steam (19.5 bar) | From Annex 58 |
| Spilling | Pulp and paper (Drying) | 133 → | → 240 | R718 | Piston | 11.2 | 4.2–4.7 | Steam (3.2 bar) | Steam (16 bar) | From Annex 58 |
| Piller Blowers & Compressors | Materials (EPDM rubber, stripper) | 92 → 60 | → 126-131 | R718 | Turbocompressor | 10 | 4.4 | N-hexane / water | Steam | From Annex 58 |
| MHI Thermal Systems | Materials (Transformer coil drying) | 55 → 50 | 70 → 130 | R134a | Centrifugal | 0.627 | 3 | Water | Water | From Annex 58 |
| Kobelco | Waste water treatment (Sewage sludge drying) | 93 → | → 160 | R718 | Roots, screw | 0.675 | 2.9 | Steam (saturated) | Steam (saturated) | From Annex 58 |
| Kobelco | Chemicals (Bioethanol distillation) | 65 → 60 | 20 → 110-120 | R245fa | Screw | 0.37 | 3.5 | Water | Steam (saturated) | From Annex 58 |
| Epcon/Rotrex | Waste water treatment (Sludge/waste drying) | 100 → | → 125-146 | R718 | Turbo | 0.5 | 4.5–8.7 | Steam (saturated) | Steam (saturated) | From Annex 58 |
Last updated: 20 January 2026
b) Multiple temperatures separated by a slash may refer to multiple heat pumps or a single cascade heat pump.
Trends
The following plots show trends between relevant parameters for the collected heat pump technologies
The following plots show trends between relevant parameters for the demonstration cases