HEATING – CENTRAL, DHW – DECENTRAL EL
Main characteristic of the concept
One central heat pump system for space heating. Decentral direct electrical heaters for DHW.
Heat distribution and temperatures levels
The heat pump providing only space heating may be optimized for this purpose. In case of underfloor heating system, needed temperature is significantly lower than for DHW.
Size of building, number of apartments
This solution is suitable for all sizes of buildings with the preference for average and bigger ones. Decentral direct electric DHW avoids heat losses in case of long piping systems in average and large buildings.
DHW and storage characteristic
DHW is realised for each apartment separately through a direct electric heating system. No storage tanks needed. Energy distribution losses reduced to the minimum. Generally, the provision of DHW with heat pumps is more energetically efficient than a direct electric solution. Nevertheless, in some cases both solutions may be similar in term of global efficiently consideration.
Energy standard, insulation level
This concept can be generally used for buildings with all levels of energetical standards.
Complexity of installation
Easy installation of DHW heaters. No DHW tanks needed.
Heat Sources
All heat sources possible.
Specific issues of the concept
Heat pump only for heating. No distribution heat losses for DHW. Easy avoiding of legionella.
Positive aspects
- Low investment for DHW
- No distribution losses for DHW
- Optimised solution for heating
Negative aspects
- High electricity demand for DHW