Large-Scale Demand Response of Heat Pumps to Support the National Power System
In a power system with an increased share of electricity from intermittent renewable sources, such as wind and solar, a more flexible electricity consumption will be needed. In this article, the possibilities and constraints to control residential heat pumps on a large scale are investigated. The goal is to support the electricity grid with demand response based on the heat pump manufacturers’ already existing hardware and cloud solutions. The article discusses barriers related to technical constraints in the heat pumps and the electricity market, as well as potential communication standards and cybersecurity.