{"id":454,"date":"2019-01-29T07:31:17","date_gmt":"2019-01-29T07:31:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/annex62\/?page_id=454"},"modified":"2025-07-09T08:38:49","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T08:38:49","slug":"daru","status":"publish","type":"case_studies","link":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/case-studies\/daru\/","title":{"rendered":"Daru"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">This project concerns the replacement of an existing gas heating system by a hybrid HP+gas solution in an existing multifamily building. With the goal of having the maximum annual heat production from HP origin, six air\/water heat pumps were implemented on the rooftop. One of the previous gas boilers was kept for the peak loads in winter.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-491\" src=\"\/\/staging.heatpumpingtechnologies.hemsida.eu\/annex62\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru2-300x238.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru2-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru2-768x609.jpg 768w, https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru2-400x317.jpg 400w, https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru2.jpg 1007w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/td><td><figure><a href=\"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-492 aligncenter\" src=\"\/\/staging.heatpumpingtechnologies.hemsida.eu\/annex62\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru3-300x227.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"315\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru3-300x227.png 300w, https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru3-768x581.png 768w, https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru3-400x302.png 400w, https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2019\/01\/daru3.png 1005w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 315px) 100vw, 315px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">The existing MFH (multi-family building), built in 1992 in Geneva, contains 68 apartments, within 4 floors, plus commercial establishments on the ground floor (restaurant, bakery, \u2026). It suffered no major envelope retrofit before this project and the total gas consumption amounted to 1\u2019000 MWh\/yr (for space heating and domestic hot water of 7\u2019563m\u00b2). (Photo credit SIG, CSD Ing\u00e9nieurs SA)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #c00000\"><strong>Lessons learned<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">Ongoing monitoring, but so far:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Major air HP constraints encountered: noise emissions, vibrations, safety&#8230; These implied important costs and planning work.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hybrid HP+gas system: optimization of the gas boiler switching point is crutial for a good HP share in the overall heat production (specially with an old boiler without variable power output).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The constraints of the old heat and DHW distribution system should not be underestimated.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #c00000\"><strong>Key facts<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Building <\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Heat pump and source<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Location<\/td><td><em>Geneva, Switzerland<br>\n<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td>Number of HP<\/td><td><em>6<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Construction<\/td><td><em>1992<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td>Installed power<\/td><td><em>6 x 30 kW<br>\n<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heat distribution<\/td><td><em>radiators<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td>Operation mode<\/td><td><em>hybrid<\/em><em> (HP + gas)<br>\n<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heated area<\/td><td><em>7,563 m\u00b2<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td>Heat source<\/td><td><em>ambient air<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Level of insulation<\/td><td><em>low (1992 standard)<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td>Existing gas boiler<\/td><td>240 kW<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Heating system<\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Domestic hot water <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heat demand<\/td><td><em>700 MWh\/yr<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td>Type of system<\/td><td><em>central<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Heating temperature<\/td><td><em>65 \u00b0C (@ -7\u00b0 ext)<br>\n<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td>Max. temperature<\/td><td><em>60 \u00b0C<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>Circulation system<\/td><td><em>yes<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\"><strong>Other information <\/strong><\/td><td><\/td><td colspan=\"2\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Electric and gas energy consumption<\/td><td><em>190 MWh\/yr electric<\/em><p><\/p>\n<p><em>230 MWh\/yr gas<\/em><\/p><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Investments costs<\/td><td><em>unknown<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>PV installation<\/td><td><em>no<\/em><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \"><span style=\"color: #c00000\"><strong>Description of the technical concept<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><a href=\"\/\/staging.heatpumpingtechnologies.hemsida.eu\/annex62\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/12\/darusystem.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/staging.heatpumpingtechnologies.hemsida.eu\/annex62\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/12\/darusystem.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-686\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph \"><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">This project, part of a Geneva pilot program to replace fossil fuel boilers by heat pumps (HP) in MFH, concerns the replacement of a gas heating system by a hybrid HP+gas heating system. With the goal of having a maximum heat production from HP origin, six 30 kW air\/water heat pumps were implemented on the rooftop. For the peak loads in winter, a 240 kW gas boiler was maintained.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">It should be mentioned that:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The building rooftop was retrofitted before the HPs were installed. No other retrofit action was undertaken.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The heat and DHW distribution system was not modified.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">The 6 HPs are divided into 2 groups of 3. 1 group exclusively for space heating, the other can either do space heating or domestic hot water. The gas boiler, when functioning, can work simultanioulsy with the HPs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph \">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" src=\"\/annex50\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/02\/unnamed.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/02\/unnamed.png 170w, https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2018\/02\/unnamed-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 170px) 100vw, 170px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"container container--no-margin\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph \"><a href=\"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/content\/uploads\/sites\/75\/2020\/12\/bestpracticesheetchdarusimplifiedscheme.pdf\">Case study sheet CH Daru<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This project concerns the replacement of an existing gas heating system by a hybrid HP+gas solution in an existing multifamily&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","filters":[],"markets":[],"applications":[],"class_list":["post-454","case_studies","type-case_studies","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/case_studies\/454","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/case_studies"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/case_studies"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/case_studies\/454\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3074,"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/case_studies\/454\/revisions\/3074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"filters","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/filters?post=454"},{"taxonomy":"markets","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/markets?post=454"},{"taxonomy":"applications","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heatpumpingtechnologies.org\/project62\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/applications?post=454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}